Improved method for shooting distance estimation. Part 1. Bullet holes in clothing items
Glattstein, B
Scientific Officers, head of Toolmarks and Materials Laboratory, and assistant director for R&D, respectively, Division of Identification and Forensic Science, Israel National Police Headquarters, Jerusalem, Israel 91906.

Vinokurov, A
Scientific Officers, head of Toolmarks and Materials Laboratory, and assistant director for R&D, respectively, Division of Identification and Forensic Science, Israel National Police Headquarters, Jerusalem, Israel 91906.

Levin, N
Scientific Officers, head of Toolmarks and Materials Laboratory, and assistant director for R&D, respectively, Division of Identification and Forensic Science, Israel National Police Headquarters, Jerusalem, Israel 91906.

Zeichner, A
Scientific Officers, head of Toolmarks and Materials Laboratory, and assistant director for R&D, respectively, Division of Identification and Forensic Science, Israel National Police Headquarters, Jerusalem, Israel 91906.


Abstract
An improved method for firing distance estimation on clothing is described. The novel part of the method includes transfer of total nitrite (nitrite ions and smokeless powder residues) from the target to an adhesive lifter. After the transfer, lead and copper deposits around the bullet entrance hole are visualized by rhodizonate and rubeanic acid, respectively. The Modified Greiss Test is carried out after alkaline hydrolysis of the smokeless powder residues on the adhesive lifter.

Keywords:
adhesive lifter, forensic science, Griess reagent, rubeanic acid, shooting distance, sodium rhodizonate

Paper ID: JFS4540801

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Author Drawdy, SM Affiliation Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL. Author Myers, WC Affiliation Division of Forensic Psychiatry, Department of
Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL. Author Glattstein B, Vinokurov A, Levin N, Zeichner A Title Improved method for shooting distance estimation. Part 1. Bullet holes in clothing items Symposium , Committee on